TOR-CENTRIC CONCEPT OF REGULATION MITOGENIC, METABOLIC AND ENERGETIC SIGNAL PROCESSING IN CELL
S.G. Zubova,1,2 Zh.V. Shitikova,1,2 T.V. Pospelova 1,2
1 Institut of Cytology RAS, Saint-Petersburg and 2 Saint-Petersburg State University;
1 e-mail: egretta_julia@mail.ru
Kinase TOR (target of rapamycin), discovered as a target of antibiotic rapamycin, the evolutionarily conservative serine / threonine kinase that integrates numerous extra-cellular
and intracellular signals, regulating cell growth, protein synthesis and metabolism. Mammalian kinase (mTOR) exists in two complexes: the rapamycin- sensitive TORC1 and rapamycin
resistant mTORC2, controlling in the cell different programs. Identification of mTOR as integral component PI3/Akt way that deregulated during carcinogenesis, as well as the existence
of a cross-talk between the tumor-suppressor p53 cascade and mTOR demonstrates its unique role in the process of neoplastic growth. This review discusses the various aspects of the
regulation of the kinase mTOR, the relationship with the general cell-signaling pathways and its use as a target for the cancer, diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative changes and hereditary
syndromes of aging.
Key words: mTOR, senescence, rapamycin, tumour growth
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