USE OF A CYTOGENETIC METHOD FOR BUCCAL EPITHELIUM STUDY, AND A METHOD OF LASER CORRELATION SPECTROMETRY FOR
HEALTH DISTURBANCES MONITORING IN CHILDREN
A. V. Aleshchenko,1 I. B. Alchinova,2 O. S. Dmitrieva,2
G. P. Dmitrieva,3 M. Yu. Karganov,2 M. I. Kozhevnikova,2
L. A. Noskin,4 A. M. Serebryany,1 N. N. Khlebnikova,2
I. I. Pelevina 5,*
1 Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Moscow, 2 Institute of General Pathology and
Pathophysiology RAMS, 3 Boarding School for Children with Musculoskeletal Disease N 76,
4 Moscow Institute of Open Education, and 5 Institute of Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow;
* e-mail: pele@chph.ras.ru
Buccal epithelium cytogenetic disturbances were studied in schoolchildren from Moscow schools, a country
school (Novgorod region) and a Moscow boarding school for chindren with musculoskeletal diseases (scoliosis
and kyphosis). The minimal mean frequency of cells with karyorrhexis were revealed in children from an
ecologically pure Novgorod region. Moscow schoolchildren demonstrated more than 13-fold higher level of this
parameter. Children with spinal deformities had an intermediate frequency. Cells with karyolysis minimal mean
frequency were observed in Moscow pupils. Children from Novgorod demonstrated a statistically valid higher
level of this parameter, and the maximum was reached in Moscow boarding school. No difference between these
groups was revealed in a study of the mean frequency of binucleated cells, cells with pyknosis, cells with micronuclei,
or "broken eggs" incidence. Laser correlation spectrometry (LCS) method was used for parallel studies.
It was shown that the distribution of spectra in Moscow pupils and in children with spinal deformities differs
from that in children living in ecologically pure region. Normal spectra prevailed in pupils of country school,
who demonstrated, in addition, high levels of anabolic and low levels of catabolic type metabolism. The examined
Moscow schoolchildren demonstrated almost the same incidence of normal spectra. They differed from the
country children by statistically valid reduction of anabolic type spectra, and by increased levels of catabolic type
spectra. Young patients with spinal deformities demonstrated the maximum incidence of catabolic type spectra.
The authors suggest the availability of a qualitative correlation between both the monitoring methods used in
this study. It was shown that children living in unfavorable conditions and patients wit musculoskeletal diseases
manifested an enhanced incidence of buccal epithelium cells with karyorrhexis and karyolysis, as well as higher
levels of catabolic type spectra accompanied by reduction of normal and anabolic type spectra.
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